Sodium is the eleventh element in the periodic table. A periodic table contains 118 elements distributed in 7 rows and 18 columns. The rows are known as periods and the columns are the groups of the periodic table. The elements of the periodic table are arranged according to their atomic number.

Basic elemental properties of Sodium

There are 118 different elements in the periodic table but there are some basic elemental properties of each. In a periodic table, elements with basic elemental properties are grouped together. Basic elemental properties of Sodium are:

Atomic Symbol of Sodium

Every element in the periodic table has its atomic symbol or chemical symbol for representation. The atomic symbol of Sodium is “Na”

Atomic Number of Sodium

Elements in the periodic table are arranged in groups and periods on the basis of their atomic number.

Atomic number is the number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom. The atomic number of Sodium is 11. This shows Sodium is the eleventh element of the periodic table.

Short Electronic Configuration of Sodium

Short Electronic Configuration of Sodium is [Ne]3s1

Block of Sodium in Periodic Table

There are four blocks (s, p, d, f) in the periodic table. Sodium belongs to the s-block of the periodic table. S block is also the first block in the periodic table.

Group of Sodium in Periodic Table

Groups are the columns of the periodic table and Sodium belongs to the first group.

Period of Sodium in Periodic Table

Periodic table is arranged in periods and groups. The rows going across left to right are periods and Sodium is placed in the third period. Elements that are present in a period share common properties .

Atomic Mass of Sodium 

Atomic mass is the mass of an atom and the atomic mass of Sodium is 22.98976928 u. If we round off the atomic mass of Sodium, we get 22.98 u.

Thermodynamic properties of Sodium

Thermodynamic properties are the characteristic features of a system, capable of specifying the system's state. The thermodynamic properties of an element include chemical, physical and thermal properties. The thermodynamic properties of Sodium are:

Phase at STP

Phase at STP is the state in which an element is present. The stp phase of Sodium is “Solid”.

Melting Point of Sodium

Melting point is a temperature at which an element of substance changes its state from solid to liquid. The melting point of Sodium gas is 97.72 °C.

Boiling Point of Sodium

A boiling point is a temperature at which an element of a substance starts turning into vapors. The boiling point of Sodium gas is 883 °C.

Critical Temperature of Sodium

A critical temperature is a point at which a gas cannot become liquid even if we are applying pressure. The critical temperature of Sodium gas is 2573 K.

Critical Pressure of Sodium

The critical pressure required to liquefy a gas at its critical temperature. The critical pressure of Sodium gas is 35 MPa.

Molar Heat of Fusion of Sodium

Molar Heat of Fusion is the energy required to melt each mole of substance. The molar heat of fusion of Sodium is 2.6 kJ/mol.

Molar heat of Vaporization

The Molar heat of vaporization is the heat absorbed by the one specific mole of a substance. The molar heat of vaporization of Sodium gas is 97.7 kJ/mol.

Specific heat at STP

The specific heat of Sodium at STP is 1230 J(kgK).

These are some of the main thermodynamic properties of Sodium. Let’s find out all the material properties of Sodium.

Material properties

We have discussed basic elemental properties and thermodynamic properties of Sodium gas. Besides these, there are many material properties of Sodium as well. Some of the material properties include density, molar volume, refractive index and thermal conductivity.

Density of Sodium

The density of Sodium element is  0.968 g/cm3

Liquid Density of Sodium element

The liquid density of Sodium atom is 0.927 g/cm3 

Molar Volume of Sodium

The molar volume of Sodium is 23.73/mol

Mohs hardness of Sodium Atom

The mohs hardness of Sodium element is 0.5

Bulk modulus of Sodium Gas

The bulk modulus of Sodium Gas is 6.3 GPa

Shear modulus of Sodium atom

The shear modulus of Sodium element 3.3 GPa

Young's modulus of Sodium

The young's modulus of Sodium atom 10 GPa

Ultimate tensile strength of Sodium element

The ultimate tensile strength of Sodium gas is 10 MPa.

Sound speed of Sodium atom

The sound speed of Sodium gas is 3200 m/s

Thermal expansion of Sodium

The thermal expansion of Sodium is 7.1 x -5 K-1

Thermal Conductivity of Sodium

The thermal conductivity of Sodium is 140 W/(mK)

These are the main material properties of Sodium.

Electromagnetic properties of Sodium

When there is any emission or absorption of electromagnetic radiations, a martial responds to these changes. All elements of a periodic table have electromagnetic properties. Some of the main electromagnetic properties of Sodium gas include magnetic types, magnetic volume, mass magnetic susceptibility and color.

Electric type of Sodium

The magnetic type Sodium refers to the fact that it is a conductor.

Resistivity of Sodium element

The resistivity of Sodium element is 4.7 x 10-8 Ωm

Electrical conductivity of Sodium gas

The electrical conductivity of Sodium element is 2.1 x 107 s/m

Magnetic type of Sodium element

The magnetic type of Sodium atom is paramagnetic

Volume Magnetic Susceptibility of Sodium

The volume magnetic susceptibility of Sodium is 8.5 x 10 -6

Mass Magnetic Susceptibility of Sodium

The mass magnetic susceptibility of Sodium is 8.8 x 10-9 m3/kg

Molar Magnetic Susceptibility of Sodium

The molar magnetic susceptibility of Sodium gas is 2 x 10-10 m3/mol

Color of Sodium Gas

The color of Sodium gas is silver.

These are some of the main electromagnetic properties of Sodium gas.

Reactivity of Sodium

Valency of Sodium

The valency of a Sodium element is a number that represents the ability of an atom to combine with other atoms. The valency of Sodium is 1.

Electronegativity of Sodium

Electronegativity of Sodium is the tendency of its atom participating in a covalent bond to attract the bonding electrons. Sodium has 0.93 electronegativity.

Electron affinity of Sodium

Electron affinity of Sodium gas is the energy released when one electron is added to a neutral atom to form an anion. The electron affinity of Sodium is 52.8 kJ/mol

First ionization energy of Sodium

It is the energy to remove the outermost electron from the neutral atom in the gas phase. The first ionization energy of Sodium is 495.8 kJ/mol

Atomic properties

The atomic properties of Sodium have term symbol, atomic radius, covalent radius, van der waals radius.

Term Symbol of Sodium

The term symbol specifies the electronic state of an atom. The term symbol of Sodium atom is 2 S1/2

Atomic Radius of Sodium

The total distance from an atom's nucleus to the outermost orbital of an electron is its atomic radius. The atomic radius of Sodium is 180 pm.

Covalent Radius of Sodium

Covalent radius is the measurement of an atom's size that forms a covalent bond. The covalent radius of Sodium is 166 pm.

Van der Waals Radius of Sodium

Van der waals radius is the measurement for the size of an atom that is not chemically bonded. The van der Waals radius of Sodium is 227 pm.

Abundances of Sodium

It is the measure that tells us about the percentage of which it is present. 

Abundance of Sodium in the universe

The abundance of Sodium in the universe is 0.002 mass %

Abundance of Sodium in the solar system

The abundance of Sodium in the solar system is 0.004 mass %

Abundance of Sodium in earth's crust

The abundance of Sodium in earth's crust is 0.55 mass %

Abundance of Sodium in ocean

The abundance of Sodium in ocean is 1.1 mass %

Universe Molar Abundances of Sodium

The universe molar abundances of Sodium is 1 x 10-4 mol %

Solar Molar Abundances of Sodium

The solar molar abundances of Sodium is 2 x 10 -4 mol %

Ocean Molar Abundances of Sodium

The ocean molar abundances of Sodium is 0.3 mol %

Crust Molar Abundances of Sodium

The crust molar abundances of Sodium is 2.1 mol %

Human Molar Abundances of Sodium

The crust molar abundances of Sodium is 0.038 mol %

Nuclear properties of Sodium

Half life of Sodium

Half life is the time for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to fall to half its original value. The half Life of Sodium is stable.

Stable isotopes of Sodium

The stable isotopes of Sodium are 23 Na (100%) 

Nuclear Spin of Sodium

The nuclear spin of Sodium is 23 Na 3/2+

Unstable isotopes of Sodium

The unstable isotopes of Sodium is 22 Na (2.6027yr)

Neutron Cross Section of Sodium

The neutron cross section of Sodium is 0.53 b

Identifiers of Sodium

CAS Number of Sodium

The CAS number of Sodium is 7440-23-5

PubChem CID number of Sodium

The PubChem CID number of Sodium is 5360545